干擾素伽瑪

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干擾素-γ
Line representation of the crystallographic structure of interferon gamma.[1]
有效結(jié)構(gòu) PDB 直系同源檢索：PDBe, RCSB PDB查詢(xún)代碼列表 1EKU, 1FG9, 1FYH, 1HIG, 3BES
標(biāo)識(shí)
代號(hào)	IFNG; IFG; IFI
擴(kuò)展標(biāo)識(shí)	遺傳學(xué)：147570 鼠基因：107656 同源基因：55526 GeneCards: IFNG Gene
基因本體論描述 分子功能 · cytokine activity · interferon-gamma receptor binding 細(xì)胞成分 · extracellular region · extracellular space · external side of plasma membrane 生物過(guò)程 · protein import into nucleus, translocation · negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter · neutrophil apoptotic process · regulation of the force of heart contraction · positive regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation · adaptive immune response · CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation involved in immune response · negative regulation of mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in metanephros morphogenesis · apoptotic process · cellular component movement · humoral immune response · cell cycle arrest · cell surface receptor signaling pathway · response to virus · cytokine-mediated signaling pathway · antigen processing and presentation · neutrophil chemotaxis · endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response · negative regulation of myelination · positive regulation of synaptic transmission, cholinergic · negative regulation of interleukin-17 production · positive regulation of interleukin-12 production · positive regulation of interleukin-23 production · positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production · positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation of STAT protein · positive regulation of smooth muscle cell apoptotic process · positive regulation of T cell proliferation · response to drug · positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat1 protein · defense response to bacterium · defense response to protozoan · negative regulation of growth of symbiont in host · positive regulation of chemokine biosynthetic process · positive regulation of interleukin-12 biosynthetic process · positive regulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process · positive regulation of interleukin-6 biosynthetic process · positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process · positive regulation of neuron differentiation · positive regulation of osteoclast differentiation · positive regulation of cell adhesion · positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter · positive regulation of isotype switching to IgG isotypes · negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation · positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta secretion · regulation of insulin secretion · positive regulation of membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis · defense response to virus · positive regulation of killing of cells of other organism · interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway · regulation of interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway · positive regulation of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate 1-phosphatase activity · positive regulation of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate metabolic process · positive regulation of vitamin D biosynthetic process · positive regulation of calcidiol 1-monooxygenase activity · cellular response to lipopolysaccharide · cellular response to interleukin-18 · negative regulation of metanephric nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation · positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily member 11 production Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA表達(dá)模式
更多表達(dá)數(shù)據(jù)
直系同源體
物種	人類(lèi)	鼠類(lèi)
Entrez	3458	15978
Ensembl	ENSG00000111537	ENSMUSG00000055170
UniProt	P01579	P01580
mRNA序列	NM_000619	NM_008337
蛋白序列	NP_000610	NP_032363
基因位置	Chr 12: 68.55 – 68.55 Mb	Chr 10: 118.44 – 118.45 Mb
PubMed查詢(xún)	[1]	[2]
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干擾素伽瑪(干擾素-γ, Interferon-γ,IFNG)是水溶性二聚體的細(xì)胞因子^[2] 。是II型干擾素的唯一成員。最初叫巨噬細(xì)胞活化因子。

目錄 1 結(jié)構(gòu) 2 生物活性 3 治療用途 4 參看 5 參考文獻(xiàn) 6 外部連接 7 參考來(lái)源

結(jié)構(gòu)

干擾素伽瑪蛋白的單體是由六個(gè)α螺旋組成一個(gè)核心^[3]和在C端區(qū)延伸展開(kāi)的片斷序列。

生物活性的二聚體是由兩個(gè)反平行相互鎖定的單體形成。

生物活性

所有的細(xì)胞都可以產(chǎn)生干擾素-α和干擾素-β， 而干擾素伽瑪只由活化T細(xì)胞和自然殺傷細(xì)胞（NK細(xì)胞）產(chǎn)生。 在血清學(xué)上，I型干擾素是酸穩(wěn)定， 而干擾素伽瑪則遇酸變性。

干擾素伽瑪具有抗病毒、免疫調(diào)節(jié)及抗腫瘤特性^[4]?？梢耘c結(jié)合到干擾素伽瑪受體(IFNGR)，干擾素伽瑪受體由兩個(gè)亞基組成。干擾素伽瑪結(jié)合激活其受體調(diào)節(jié)JAK-STAT通路。干擾素伽瑪激活抗原提呈細(xì)胞，通過(guò)上調(diào)轉(zhuǎn)錄因子T-bet而促進(jìn)I型輔助T細(xì)胞(Th1細(xì)胞)的分化。

干擾素伽瑪是I型輔助T細(xì)胞(Th1細(xì)胞)的標(biāo)志性的細(xì)胞因子。II型輔助T細(xì)胞(Th2細(xì)胞)釋放白細(xì)胞介素-4 (IL-4) 和白細(xì)胞介素-13 (IL-13)。自然殺傷細(xì)胞和CD8⁺T細(xì)胞也產(chǎn)生干擾素伽瑪。干擾素伽瑪通過(guò)迅速降解RANK-RANKL信號(hào)通路的TRAF6而抑制破骨細(xì)胞形成。

治療用途

干擾素可以用來(lái)治療傳染病，但也能促成自身免疫。在接受干擾素伽瑪治療的病人中，多達(dá)19%的病人會(huì)有自身免疫.

參看

• T細(xì)胞
• 輔助T細(xì)胞
• II型干擾素
• 細(xì)胞因子

參考文獻(xiàn)

1. ↑ PDB 1FG9; Thiel DJ, le Du MH, Walter RL, D'Arcy A, Chène C, Fountoulakis M, Garotta G, Winkler FK, Ealick SE. Observation of an unexpected third receptor molecule in the crystal structure of human interferon-gamma receptor complex. Structure. September 2000, 8 (9): 927–36. doi:10.1016/S0969-2126(00)00184-2. PMID 10986460. 
2. ↑ Gray PW, Goeddel DV. Structure of the human immune interferon gene. Nature. 1982 Aug 26;298(5877):859-63.
3. ↑ Ealick SE, et al., Three-dimensional structure of recombinant human interferon-gamma. Science. 1991 May 3;252(5006):698-702.
4. ↑ Schroder K, Hertzog PJ, Ravasi T, Hume DA. Interferon-gamma: an overview of signals, mechanisms and functions. J Leukoc Biol. 2004 Feb;75(2):163-89.

外部連接

• MeSH|Interferon+Type+II

細(xì)胞信息傳遞：細(xì)胞因子 按結(jié)構(gòu)分類(lèi) 趨化因子 CCL CCL1 CCL2/MCP-1 CCL3/MIP-1α CCL4/MIP-1β CCL5/RANTES CCL6 CCL7 CCL8 CCL9 CCL11 CCL12 CCL13 CCL14 CCL15 CCL16 CCL17 CCL18 CCL19 CCL20 CCL21 CCL22 CCL23 CCL24 CCL25 CCL26 CCL27 CCL28 CXCL CXCL1/KC CXCL2 CXCL3 CXCL4 CXCL5 CXCL6 CXCL7 CXCL8/IL8 CXCL9 CXCL10 CXCL11 CXCL12/SDF-1 CXCL13 CXCL14 CXCL15 CXCL16 CXCL17 CX3CL CX3CL1 XCL XCL1 XCL2 腫瘤壞死因子 (TNF) 腫瘤壞死因子-α 淋巴毒素 TNFB/LTA TNFC/LTB TNFSF4 TNFSF5/CD40LG TNFSF6 TNFSF7 TNFSF8 TNFSF9 TNFSF10 TNFSF11 TNFSF13B EDA 白細(xì)胞介素 受體為 I型細(xì)胞因子受體 γ-chain IL2/IL15 IL4/IL13 IL7 IL9 IL21 β-chain IL3 IL5 GM-CSF IL6 like/gp130 IL6 IL11 IL27 IL30 IL31 +不屬于白介素的 OSM LIF CNTF CTF1 IL-12 family/IL12RB1 IL12 IL23 IL27 IL35 其它 IL14 IL16 IL32 IL34 受體為 II型細(xì)胞因子受體 IL-10 family IL10/IL22 IL19 IL20 IL24 IL26 III型干擾素 IL28/IFNL2+3 IL29/IFNL1 干擾素 (IFN) I型 IFNA1 IFNA2 IFNA4 IFNA5 IFNA6 IFNA7 IFNA8 IFNA10 IFNA13 IFNA14 IFNA16 IFNA17 IFNA21 IFNB1 IFNK IFNW1 II型 IFNG 免疫球蛋白超家族 IL-1 family: IL1A/IL1F1 IL1B/IL1F2 1Ra/IL1F3 IL1F5 IL1F6 IL1F7 IL1F8 IL1F9 IL1F10 33/IL1F11 18/IL1G IL-17 family IL17/IL25 (IL17A) 其它 Hematopoietic KITLG 集落刺激因子 骨橋蛋白 按臨床 功能分類(lèi) 促炎性細(xì)胞因子 IL1 腫瘤壞死因子-α Monokine 淋巴因子 Th1 干擾素-γ TNFB Th2 IL4 IL5 IL6 IL10 IL13 B：trdu：iter (nrpl/grfl/cytl/horl), csrc (lgic, enzr, gprc, igsr, intg, nrpr/grfr/cytr), itra (adap, gbpr, mapk), calc, lipd; path (hedp, wntp, tgfp+mapp, notp, jakp, fsap, hipp, tlrp)

藥品百科 - 免疫調(diào)節(jié)劑: 免疫增強(qiáng)劑 (L03) 內(nèi)源性 細(xì)胞激素 集落刺激因子 G-CSF (非格司亭/聚乙二醇非格司亭 來(lái)格司亭) 粒-巨噬細(xì)胞集落刺激因子 (莫拉司亭 沙格司亭) 干細(xì)胞因子 (安塞司亭) 干擾素 α: 天然干擾素α 干擾素α-2/PEG干擾素α-2a 干擾素α-2/PEG干擾素α-2b 干擾素α-n1 干擾素α-n3 干擾素αcon-1 Albinterferon β: 天然干擾素β 干擾素β-1a 干擾素β-1b 干擾素-γ 白介素 阿地白介素 重組人白介素 其他蛋白質(zhì)/肽類(lèi) 培加酶 免疫花青 他索納明 催乳素 生長(zhǎng)激素 其他 女性性激素 維生素D Poly ICLC 鹽酸組胺 外源性 疫苗 (卡介苗 黑素瘤疫苗 Sipuleucel-T) β-葡聚糖 (香菇多糖) 米伐木肽 噻唑烷 (匹多莫德) 雜環(huán)化合物 (普樂(lè)沙福) 多核糖核苷酸 (Polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid) 羥基喹啉 (羅喹美克) 低聚肽' (醋酸格拉替美 胸腺肽α1 胸腺肽)

參考來(lái)源

• 維基百科-干擾素伽瑪

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